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London is the capital of Great Britain. It is a political, economic and
commercial center. It is one of the most enjoyable cities. Visited by
millions of tourists, the city offers them an astonishing variety of
scenes. London is one of the largest cities in the world and its
population is about 9 million. London is situated on the river Themes.
The city is very old. It has more than 20 centuries old history.
Traditionally the city is divided into several parts: the City, the
Westminster, the West End and the East End. The City is the oldest part
of London; it's financial and business center. Numerous banks, offices
and firms are concentrated here, including the Bank of England, the
Stock Exchange and the Old Bailey. Two masterpieces are situated within
the city: St. Paul's Cathedral and the Tower of London. St. Paul's
Cathedral was built in the 17th century by Christopher Wren. It has
always dominated the center of London. It is an architectural
masterpiece. All Londoners have a particular affection for St. Paul's,
which is one of the largest Protestant Church in England. Its high dome,
containing the remarkable Whispering Gallery, is a prominent landmark
towering above the multi-storied buildings, which line the riverbank.
The Tower of London was built in the 11th century. It was one of the
first and most impressive castles built after the Norman invasion of
England in 1066. The Tower has been used as a royal palace, an
observatory, an arsenal, a state prison and many famous and infamous
people have been executed withing its walls. It is now a museum. For
many visitors the principal attraction is the Crown Jewels, the finest
precious stones of the nation. A fine collection of armour is exhibited
in the Keep. Trafalgar Square is the geographical center of London. It
was named so to commemorate Nelson's Victory at the Battle of Trafalgar
in 1805.The monument in the middle of this square known as Nelson's
Column is surmounted with the Statue of Nelson 16 feet high. The
pedestal of the Column is decorated with the bas-reliefs representing
Nelson's most famous victories. At the base of the column, there are
four big lions. On the north side of the square are the National Gallery
and the National Portrait Gallery. The National Gallery has an
outstanding collection of finest arts from Britain, Italy, Denmark and
other countries. The Westminster is the aristocratic, official part of
London. It includes Buckingham Palace where the Queen lives and the
House of Parliament stretching for nearly 1000 feet along the north bank
of the Themes. Westminster Abbey is a national shrine where the kings
and queens are crowned and famous people buried. Chaucer, Tennyson,
Newton, Dickens, Hardy, Kipling were buried in Westminster Abbey. The
House of Parliament called officially the Palace of Westminster, were
formerly a palace for kings and queens. The Palace was used both as used
as a royal residence and as a parliament house until the 16th century.
In the course of the 16th when the royal family moved to the new palace
within half of mile Whitehall Palace, the Westminster Palace was
occupied by the Parliament and became its permanent home. The Parliament
of the United Great Britain and Northern Ireland consists of just over
1000 members of the different grades of nobility. In the House of
comments, there are 635 members. The Clock Towers, with contains the
hour bell, called "Big Ben" is known all over the world. The bell is
named after Sir Benjamin Hall, the first Commissioner of Works. The West
End is the richest and most magnificent part of London. It is a real
symbol of wealth and luxury. The best hotels, restaurants, shops, clubs,
parks and houses are situated there. The East End is the industrial
district of London. There are many factories and the Port of London
there. The region is densely populated by working class families. London
hasps buildings that express all the different areas of its history.
London manages is a unique way to reflect its past and at the same time
to fulfill the functions of a modern city.
